Underdeposit corrosion (UDC), a general term that refers to localized corrosion that develops beneath or around deposits on a metal surface, is a phenomenon that leads to pipeline failures and is one of the most damaging forms of corrosion for oil and gas pipelines. It can occur in subsea water injection pipelines, well-fluid pipelines, and large-diameter transmission lines.

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The main causes of corrosion of steel in concrete are chloride attack and carbonation. These two mechanisms are unusual in that they do not attack the integrity of the concrete. Instead, aggressive chemical species pass through the pores in the concrete and attack the steel. This is unlike normal deterioration processes resulting from chemical attack on concrete.