A better appreciation of the various components of typical corrosion costs in the oil and gas industry could further facilitate their optimization.
Average annual salaries in 2016 are reported for corrosion professionals in the United States, Canada, United Kingdom, and Europe. A slight gain was seen for the United States and United Kingdom, while a larger increase was recorded in Canada.
This article presents performance data on polyamino polyether methylene phosphonic acid (PAPEMP) on various mineral scales commonly encountered in boiler, cooling, desalination, geothermal, gas, and oil systems.
Scientists have developed a non-chrome primer system by incorporating carbon nanotubes (CNTs) modified with organic corrosion inhibitors into an epoxy-based resin. The goal of the coating development effort was to identify promising CNT-containing non-chrome primer formulations that perform comparably to traditional chromated ones.
Regular inspection, monitoring, sampling, and chemical treatment activities are needed to mitigate corrosion. Data are not always adequately reported on a regular basis, however, which could gradually render an asset integrity management system less effective.
In anticipation of the tightening restrictions on phosphorus and many of the metal-bearing compounds currently used in industrial cooling treatment, a “green” corrosion and scale inhibition technology was developed that contains no phosphorus while providing corrosion and scale control performance.
Corrosion professionals in North America and Europe have experienced another year of continued growth in career opportunities and salary levels, according to the 2015 Corrosion Career Survey conducted by Materials Performance magazine.
To successfully communicate the wide variety of corrosion-related issues affecting corrosion professionals today, MP is actively encouraging corrosion control professionals worldwide to submit technical articles to share their corrosion-related experiences with over 36,000 NACE International members around the globe.
For the foreseeable future, fossil fuels will continue to be the dominant source of the world’s primary energy production. There has been growing concern that the use of these carbon-based fuels produces greenhouse gases, principally carbon dioxide (CO2), which adversely affect the global climate and environment. One way to mitigate the problem is to use carbon capture, transportation, and storage (CCTS) techniques and systems.
Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) refers to corrosion caused by the presence and activities of microorganisms—microalgae, bacteria, and fungi. While microorganisms do not produce unique types of corrosion, they can accelerate corrosion reactions or shift corrosion mechanisms. Microbial action has been identified as a contributor to rapid corrosion of metals and alloys exposed to soils; seawater, distilled water, and freshwater; crude oil, hydrocarbon fuels, and process chemicals; and sewage. Many industries and infrastructure are affected by MIC, including oil production, power generation, transportation, and water and waste water.
This article compares three water quality indices for
the evaluation of water to be used in industrial
processes in Iran. They include the Puckorious
Saturation Index, Langelier Saturation Index, and
Ryznar Stability Index. The most applicable index
for use in that country is suggested.
This article presents experimental data that show
the solubility of lead in different waters. Specifically
noted is the solubility of lead in condensed, or
“pure,” water. It provides introductory information
to those just entering the field of water corrosion
and contamination as well as basic information
to others not familiar with water corrosion
and contamination.
The increased use of recycled water has led to the
need for an effective water treatment program to
prevent microbiologically influenced corrosion
(MIC). This article describes an investigation of
copper tubes in a chiller that failed from MIC
because of a poor water treatment program.
This article presents the failure investigation of
internal pitting corrosion on a 30-in (0.762-m)
diameter subsea oil pipeline in western offshore
India. Detailed laboratory and analytical studies
were made on the failed sample to establish the
cause and mechanism of failure. This article
describes the analysis methodology, the probable
corrosion and failure mechanism, and recommended preventive measures.
Severe plugging of in-situ combustion injector
wells was found within 15 months of their
commissioning in an on-land oil field in western India.
Laboratory investigations were made to establish the
cause and identify remedial measures. The tubing
sections in the vicinity of the combustion front were
exposed to an aggravated oxidation environment followed
by moisture and oxygen intrusion through corrosion
product. This triggered conversion of magnetite into
porous, nonprotective hematite. The corrosion inhibitor
treatment in the wet phase was found to be ineffective.
A large amount of loosely bound corrosion product
accumulated at the bottom of the hole during air/water
injection. This plugged the well. Suitable well completion
for the operating conditions was designed to prevent
future failures.